Factors affecting seals

Hydraulic seals play a crucial role in the integration of hydraulic and pneumatic components. If the seal of a hydraulic and pneumatic component product is not up to standard, then that hydraulic and pneumatic component product is not a good product. There are many factors that affect seals. Firstly, pressure is an important factor affecting the quality of seals. The level of pressure and the length of pressure cycle changes have a significant impact on seal damage (such as extrusion). The higher the pressure, the greater the impact of other factors on the performance of the seal, such as temperature, speed, material of the seal, gap between the piston and cylinder, and gap between the piston and cylinder head. Another issue is temperature and friction, which makes it difficult to describe the maximum and minimum operating temperatures of a sealing material, as this is the result of a combination of factors. The working temperatures of the piston and piston rod are different, and they need to be selected differently. Another factor that affects sealing products is surface roughness, surface characteristics, pressure, medium, temperature, sealing material, sealing type, and movement speed. The last one is surface treatment. Experience has shown that the characteristics of the surface of the oil cylinder piston and piston rod have a significant impact on the service life of the seal. The surface characteristics are commonly defined by the value of surface roughness RA, which is the arithmetic mean of the absolute deviation of the surface shape from the centerline. However, some numerical values cannot fully represent the impact of surface conditions on seals, as even under the same roughness, different surface shape features can lead to varying degrees of seal wear.